嘎嘎,俺回了
四、过去进行时：were/was+现在分词。
1. 表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。
Ø. I was playing chess at 8 yesterday evening.
Ø. When I arrived, they were watching TV.
Ø. They were doing housework this time last week.
2. 用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。
Ø. She told me to wake him up if she was sleeping.
Ø. I asked my friend to warn me about it as long as I was driving too fast.
3. 过去某时将发生的事。 可参考 2(4)
Ø. They told me that they were leaving for New York.
Ø. He was going out when I arrived.
五、现在完成时：have/has +过去分词
1. 表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与 yet, just, before, recently, lately（最近），ever, never 等表时间的副词搭配使用。
● He hasn’tseen her lately.
● I haven’tfinished the book yet.
2. 表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：so far （迄今为止），up till now（直到现在），since, for along time（很长时间），up to present（直到现在），in the past/in the last few years（在过去的几年里），these days（目前）… …
Ø. He has worked here for 15 years.
Ø. I have studied English since I came here.
Ø. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.
Ø. So far, I haven’t received a single letter from my brother.
3. 某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。
黄金要点：
I. 常见的非延续动词：die, arrive（到达），join（加入），leave（离开），go, refuse（拒绝），fail（失败），finish, buy, marry, divorce（离婚），awake（醒），borrow ，lend …（背三遍!）
II. 这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for 引导的时间状语。
III. 但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
● She has gone away for a month.（误）
● She has been away for a month.（正）
● The man has died for two years.（误）
● The man has beendead for tow years.（正）
● How long have you bought the book?（误）
● How long have you got the book.（正）
4. 注意since 的用法：
Ø. They haven’t had an trouble since they came here.
Ø. It has been ten years since we me last time.
Ø. He has been here since 1980.
Ø. He has been here since ten years ago.
5. 几组对比：
He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。
He has been to Shanghai. 他去过上海。
She has gone. 她已走了。
She is gone. 她缺席了。（or 她死了）
The door has been closed. 门关上了。（动作）
The door is closed. 门是关着的。（状态）
六、现在完成进行时： have/has +been +现在分词
1. 表示从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在且可能延续下去的动作。（最好将此定义读5遍）
Ø. I’ve been waiting for an hour but she hasn’t come.
Ø. He has been running after her for 8 years. (run after:追求)
2. 表某种感情色彩。
Ø. I’ve been wanting to see you for so many years.
Ø. Who’s been telling you such nonsense.
释惑要点：现在完成时与现在完成进行时的对比：
现在完成时强调“结果”，而完成进行时强调“动作的延续”。
Ø. I have thought of it. （我已想到了这一点。）
Ø. I have been thinking of it.（我一直在想这一点。）
Ø. Jim has painted the door.（杰姆已将门油漆过了。）
Ø. Jim has been painting the door.（杰姆一直在油漆门。）
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